Scalar, sigil: $

      list $foo        # $foo
          +$foo        # $foo as Num
          ~$foo        # $foo as Str
          ?$foo        # $foo as Bool
          "$foo"       # $foo as Str
    scalar $foo        # $foo     

Scalar -> Str

    Methods:

    .chomp
    .chop
    .ord
    .lc
    .lcfirst
    .uc
    .ucfirst
    .chars    # Length in characters
    .graphs   # Length in graphemes
    .codes    # Length in codepoints
    .bytes    # Length in bytes
    .tr
    .reverse
    .split(/sep/)
    .hex
    .oct

Scalar -> Num

    .abs
    .cos
    .exp
    .int
    .log
    .rand
    .sin
    .sqrt
    .chr
    .floor
    .ceil
    
Array, sigil: @
    
      list @foo        # List of elements
          +@foo        # @foo.elems
          ~@foo        # join ' ', @foo
          ?@foo        # ? @foo.elems
          "@foo[]"     # join ' ', @foo
           @foo[i]     # subscript
           @foo[i, i]  # slice
           @foo[i; i]  # multi-dimensional access
    scalar @foo        # \@foo

    Methods:

    .elems          # Number of elements
    .join($sep)
    .map:{ ... }
    .grep:{ ... }
    .pop
    .push($elem)
    .shift
    .unshift($elem)
    .reverse
    .sort( { cond }, { cond }, ... )
    .kv            # return index,value pairs
    
    Shapes:

    XXX - someone summarize shapes and multi-dimension syntax

    Constructors:

    ARRAY = LIST
    [ LIST ]       # anonymous ref

Hash, sigil: %

      list %foo        # List of pairs
          +%foo        # +%foo.keys
          ~%foo        # ???
          ?%foo        # ? %foo.keys
          "%foo{}"     # ???
           %foo{k}     # subscript
           %foo{k, k}  # slice
           %foo<>      # %foo{<>}
           %foo<<>>    # %foo{<<>>}
           %foo{k; k}  # multi-dimensional access
    scalar %foo        # \%foo

    Methods:

    .delete($key)
    .exists($key)
    .keys
    .values
    .kv                # List of key, value, key, value, ...

    Shapes: 

    XXX - help me

    Constructors:

    HASH = LIST
    { PAIR, PAIR, ... }   # anonymous ref
    hash { LIST }         # anonymous ref

Pair (used via reference)

      list $foo        # $foo   # ref, so doesn't flatten to $k, $v
          +$foo        # ???
          ~$foo        # ???
          ?$foo        # ???
          "$foo"       # ???
    scalar $foo        # $foo

    Methods:

    .kv      # $key, $value
    .key
    .value
    
    Constructors: (all anonymous)

    :key            # 'key' => 1
    :key{'value'}   # 'key' => 'value'
    \__ thus: :key<>, :key<<>>
    key => 'value'  # 'key' => 'value' (LHS auto-quoted)

Things with blocks

    Named               Anonymous             See also
    class   Foo { }     class   { }           oo
    role    Foo { }     role    { }           oo
    sub     foo { }     sub     { }, or { }   sub
    method  foo { }     method  { }           oo, sub
    macro   foo { }                           sub
    rule    foo { }     rule    { }           rules
    grammar Foo { }     grammar { }           rules
    package Foo { }     package { }           mod
    module  Foo { }     module  { }           mod