This ontology contains logical relations to be shared across the different OBO ontologies. Each OBO ontology is free to extend this set with relations specific to the biology within that ontology. This ontology should remain largely invisible to the casual user
This ontology is designed to be used by the following groups of people:
In the above, variables c, d, ..., p, q, ... range over instances of continuants and processes respectively. C, D, ..., P, Q, ... range over the corresponding classes
[Typedef] id: OBO_REL:relationship name: relationship def: "A relationship between two classes (terms). Relationships between classes are expressed in terms of relations on underlying instances. For more details see Smith B et al 'Relations in Bio Ontologies' [in press]." [obo:smith_et_al] [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:is_a name: is_a builtin: true def: "For continuants: C is_a C' if and only if: given any c that instantiates C at a time t, c instantiates C' at t. For processes: P is_a P' if and only if: that given any p that instantiates P, then p instantiates P'." [obo:smith_et_al] comment: The is_a relationship is considered axiomatic by the obo file format specification; ie it is taken for granted. The is_a relation is still included in this ontology for uniqueness exact_synonym: is_subtype_of xref_analog: owl:subClassOf inverse_of: has_subclass is_reflexive: true is_anti_symmetric: true is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:part_of name: part_of is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "For continuants: C part_of C' if and only if: given any c that instantiates C at a time t, there is some c' such that c' instantiates C' at time t, and c *part_of* c' at t. For processes: P part_of P' if and only if: given any p that instantiates P at a time t, there is some p' such that p' instantiates P' at time t, and p *part_of* p' at t. (Here *part_of* is the instance-level part-relation.)" [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: has_part is_reflexive: true is_anti_symmetric: true is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:integral_part_of name: integral_part_of is_a: OBO_REL:part_of def: "C integral_part_of C' if and only if: C part_of C' AND C' has_part C" [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: has_integral_part is_reflexive: true is_anti_symmetric: true is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:proper_part_of name: proper_part_of is_a: OBO_REL:part_of def: "As for part_of, with the additional constraint that subject and object are distinct" [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: has_proper_part is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:improper_part_of name: improper_part_of is_a: OBO_REL:part_of def: "As for part_of, with the additional constraint that subject and object are identical" [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: has_improper_part is_reflexive: true is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:located_in name: located_in is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "C located_in C' if and only if: given any c that instantiates C at a time t, there is some c' such that: c' instantiates C' at time t and c *located_in* c'. (Here *located_in* is the instance-level location relation.)" [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: location_of is_transitive: true is_reflexive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:contained_in name: contained_in is_a: OBO_REL:relationship inverse_of: contains def: "C contained_in C' if and only if: given any instance c that instantiates C at a time t, there is some c' such that: c' instantiates C' at time t and c located_in c' at t, and it is not the case that c *part_of* c' at t. (c' is a conduit or cavity.)" [obo:smith_et_al] is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:adjacent_to name: adjacent_to is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "C adjacent to C' if and only if: given any instance c that instantiates C at a time t, there is some c' such that: c' instantiates C' at time t and c and c' occupy neighboring spatial regions." [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: adjacent_to is_symmetric: true is_reflexive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:transformation_of name: transformation_of is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "Relation between two classes, in which instances retain their identity yet change their classification by virtue of some kind of transformation. Examples: larval oenocyte transformation_of embryonic oenocyte, mature_mRNA transformation of pre_mRNA. Formally: C transformation_of C' if and only if given any c and any t, if c instantiates C at time t, then for some t', c instantiates C' at t' and t' earlier t." [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: transformed_into is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:derives_from name: derives_from is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "Derivation on the instance level (*derives_from*) holds between distinct material continuants when one succeeds the other across a temporal divide in such a way that at least a biologically significant portion of the matter of the earlier continuant is inherited by the later. We say that one class C derives_from class C' if instances of C are connected to instances of C' via some chain of instance-level derivation relations. Example: osteocyte derives_from osteoblast. Formally: C derives_immediately_from C' if and only if: given any c and any t, if c instantiates C at time t, then there is some c' and some t', such that c' instantiates C' at t' and t' earlier-than t and c *derives_from* c'. C derives_from C' if and only if: there is an chain of immediate derivation relations connecting C to C'." [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: derived_into is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:preceded_by name: preceded_by is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "P preceded_by P' if and only if: given any process p that instantiates P at a time t, there is some process p' such that p' instantiates P' at time t', and t' is earlier than t. " [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: precedes is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:has_participant name: has_participant is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "P has_participant C if and only if: given any process p that instantiates P there is some continuant c, and some time t, such that: c instantiates p at t and c participates in p at t" [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: participates_in [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:has_agent name: has_agent is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "As for has_participant, but with the additional condition that the component instance is causally active in the relevant process" [obo:smith_et_al] inverse_of: agent_in [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:instance_of name: instance_of is_a: OBO_REL:relationship def: "A relation between an instance and a class. For components: a primitive relation between a component instance and a class which it instantiates at a specific time. For processes: a primitive relation, between a process instance and a class which it instantiates, holding independently of time" [obo:smith_et_al] comment: The is_a relationship is considered axiomatic by the obo file format specification; ie it is taken for granted. The is_a relation is still included in this ontology for uniqueness inverse_of: has_instance