#
#  Copyright 2009 10gen, Inc.
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#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
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use strict;
use warnings;

package MongoDB::Async;
# ABSTRACT: A Mongo Driver for Perl


our $VERSION = '0.45';

use Coro;
use Coro::EV;
use Carp;
use boolean;


use XSLoader;
use MongoDB::Async::Connection;
use MongoDB::Async::Collection;
use MongoDB::Async::Pool;


XSLoader::load(__PACKAGE__, $VERSION, int rand(2 ** 24));

1;

=head1 NAME

MongoDB::Async - Asynchronous Mongo Driver for Perl

=head1 ABOUT ASYNC DRIVER

This driver uses L<Coro> and L<EV>. It switches to another Coro thread while receiving response from server. 

Changes:

L<MongoDB::Async::Pool> - pool of persistent connects

Added ->data method to L<MongoDB::Async::Cursor>. Same as ->all, but returns array ref

 

Please report bugs to I<nyaknyan@gmail.com>



=head1 SYNOPSIS

    use MongoDB::Async;
	use Coro;
	use EV;
	use Coro::EV;
	
	my $connection = MongoDB::Async::Connection->new(host => 'localhost', port => 27017);
	my $database   = $connection->foo;
	my $collection = $database->bar;
	my $id         = $collection->insert({ some => 'data' });
	my $data       = $collection->find_one({ _id => $id });
	
	# or you can run threads 
	
	my $data;
	async{
		$data = MongoDB::Async::Connection->new->testdb->testcol->find({ _id => ["somebigdata", ....]})->data;
	};
	
	use Coro::AnyEvent; 
	async{
		while(! $data ){
			print "waiting for data...\n";
			Coro::AnyEvent::sleep(1);
		}
		print "done\n";
	};
	
	async{ # parallel query
		MongoDB::Async::Connection->new->testdb->testcol->save({ ... });
	};
	
	EV::loop;


=head1 INTRO TO MONGODB

This is the Perl driver for MongoDB, a document-oriented database.  This section
introduces some of the basic concepts of MongoDB.  There's also a L<Tutorial>
pod that introduces using the driver.  For more documentation on MongoDB in
general, check out L<http://www.mongodb.org>.

=head1 GETTING HELP

If you have any questions, comments, or complaints, you can get through to the
developers most dependably via the MongoDB user list:
I<mongodb-user@googlegroups.com>.  You might be able to get someone quicker
through the MongoDB IRC channel, I<irc.freenode.net#mongodb>.


=head1 AUTHORS

  Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
  Kristina Chodorow <kristina@mongodb.org>

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This software is Copyright (c) 2009 by 10Gen.

This is free software, licensed under:

  The Apache License, Version 2.0, January 2004

=head1 DESCRIPTION

MongoDB is a database access module.

MongoDB (the database) store all strings as UTF-8.  Non-UTF-8 strings will be
forcibly converted to UTF-8.  To convert something from another encoding to
UTF-8, you can use L<Encode>:

    use Encode;

    my $name = decode('cp932', "\x90\xbc\x96\xec\x81\x40\x91\xbe\x98\x59");
    my $id = $coll->insert( { name => $name, } );

    my $object = $coll->find_one( { name => $name } );

Thanks to taronishino for this example.

=head2 Notation and Conventions

The following conventions are used in this document:

    $conn   Database connection
    $db     Database
    $coll   Collection
    undef   NULL values are represented by undefined values in Perl
    \@arr   Reference to an array passed to methods
    \%attr  Reference to a hash of attribute values passed to methods

Note that Perl will automatically close and clean up database connections if
all references to them are deleted.

=head2 Outline Usage

To use MongoDB, first you need to load the MongoDB module:

    use MongoDB;
    use strict;
    use warnings;

(The C<use strict;> and C<use warnings;> isn't required, but it's strongly
recommended.)

Then you need to connect to a Mongo database server.  By default, Mongo listens
for connections on port 27017.  Unless otherwise noted, this documentation
assumes you are running MongoDB locally on the default port.

Mongo can be started in I<authentication mode>, which requires clients to log in
before manipulating data.  By default, Mongo does not start in this mode, so no
username or password is required to make a fully functional connection.  If you
would like to learn more about authentication, see the C<authenticate> method.

To connect to the database, create a new MongoDB Connection object:

    $conn = MongoDB::Async::Connection->new("host" => "localhost:27017");

As this is the default, we can use the equivalent shorthand:

    $conn = MongoDB::Async::Connection->new;

Connecting is relatively expensive, so try not to open superfluous connections.

There is no way to explicitly disconnect from the database.  When C<$conn> goes
out of scope, the connection will automatically be closed and cleaned up.

=head2 INTERNALS

=head3 Class Hierarchy

The classes are arranged in a hierarchy: you cannot create a
L<MongoDB::Async::Collection> instance before you create L<MongoDB::Async::Database> instance,
for example.  The full hierarchy is:

    MongoDB::Async::Connection -> MongoDB::Async::Database -> MongoDB::Async::Collection

This is because L<MongoDB::Async::Database> has a field that is a
L<MongoDB::Async::Connection> and L<MongoDB::Async::Collection> has a L<MongoDB::Async::Database>
field.

When you call a L<MongoDB::Async::Collection> function, it "trickles up" the chain of
classes.  For example, say we're inserting C<$doc> into the collection C<bar> in
the database C<foo>.  The calls made look like:

=over

=item C<< $collection->insert($doc) >>

Calls L<MongoDB::Async::Database>'s implementation of C<insert>, passing along the
collection name ("foo").

=item C<< $db->insert($name, $doc) >>

Calls L<MongoDB::Async::Connection>'s implementation of C<insert>, passing along the
fully qualified namespace ("foo.bar").

=item C<< $connection->insert($ns, $doc) >>

L<MongoDB::Async::Connection> does the actual work and sends a message to the database.

=back

=head1 FUNCTIONS

These functions should generally not be used.  They are very low level and have
nice wrappers in L<MongoDB::Async::Collection>.

=head2 write_insert($ns, \@objs)

    my ($insert, $ids) = MongoDB::Async::write_insert("foo.bar", [{foo => 1}, {bar => -1}, {baz => 1}]);

Creates an insert string to be used by C<MongoDB::Async::Connection::send>.  The second
argument is an array of hashes to insert.  To imitate the behavior of
C<MongoDB::Async::Collection::insert>, pass a single hash, for example:

    my ($insert, $ids) = MongoDB::Async::write_insert("foo.bar", [{foo => 1}]);

Passing multiple hashes imitates the behavior of
C<MongoDB::Async::Collection::batch_insert>.

This function returns the string and an array of the the _id fields that the
inserted hashes will contain.

=head2 write_query($ns, $flags, $skip, $limit, $query, $fields?)

    my ($query, $info) = MongoDB::Async::write_query('foo.$cmd', 0, 0, -1, {getlasterror => 1});

Creates a database query to be used by C<MongoDB::Async::Connection::send>.  C<$flags>
are query flags to use (see C<MongoDB::Async::Cursor::Flags> for possible values).
C<$skip> is the number of results to skip, C<$limit> is the number of results to
return, C<$query> is the query hash, and C<$fields> is the optional fields to
return.

This returns the query string and a hash of information about the query that is
used by C<MongoDB::Async::Connection::recv> to get the database response to the query.

=head2 write_update($ns, $criteria, $obj, $flags)

    my ($update) = MongoDB::Async::write_update("foo.bar", {age => {'$lt' => 20}}, {'$set' => {young => true}}, 0);

Creates an update that can be used with C<MongoDB::Async::Connection::send>.  C<$flags>
can be 1 for upsert and/or 2 for updating multiple documents.

=head2 write_remove($ns, $criteria, $flags)

    my ($remove) = MongoDB::Async::write_remove("foo.bar", {name => "joe"}, 0);

Creates a remove that can be used with C<MongoDB::Async::Connection::send>.  C<$flags>
can be 1 for removing just one matching document.

=head2 read_documents($buffer)

  my @documents = MongoDB::Async::read_documents($buffer);

Decodes BSON documents from the given buffer

=head1 SEE ALSO

MongoDB main website L<http://www.mongodb.org/>

Core documentation L<http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Manual>

L<MongoDB::Async::Tutorial>, L<MongoDB::Async::Examples>