package DBIx::Class::ResultSource; use strict; use warnings; use base qw/DBIx::Class::ResultSource::RowParser DBIx::Class/; use DBIx::Class::ResultSet; use DBIx::Class::ResultSourceHandle; use DBIx::Class::Carp; use Devel::GlobalDestruction; use Try::Tiny; use List::Util 'first'; use Scalar::Util qw/blessed weaken isweak/; use namespace::clean; __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors(simple => qw/ source_name name source_info _ordered_columns _columns _primaries _unique_constraints _relationships resultset_attributes column_info_from_storage /); __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors(component_class => qw/ resultset_class result_class /); __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata( sqlt_deploy_callback => 'default_sqlt_deploy_hook' ); =head1 NAME DBIx::Class::ResultSource - Result source object =head1 SYNOPSIS # Create a table based result source, in a result class. package MyApp::Schema::Result::Artist; use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/; __PACKAGE__->table('artist'); __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ artistid name /); __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('artistid'); __PACKAGE__->has_many(cds => 'MyApp::Schema::Result::CD'); 1; # Create a query (view) based result source, in a result class package MyApp::Schema::Result::Year2000CDs; use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/; __PACKAGE__->load_components('InflateColumn::DateTime'); __PACKAGE__->table_class('DBIx::Class::ResultSource::View'); __PACKAGE__->table('year2000cds'); __PACKAGE__->result_source_instance->is_virtual(1); __PACKAGE__->result_source_instance->view_definition( "SELECT cdid, artist, title FROM cd WHERE year ='2000'" ); =head1 DESCRIPTION A ResultSource is an object that represents a source of data for querying. This class is a base class for various specialised types of result sources, for example L. Table is the default result source type, so one is created for you when defining a result class as described in the synopsis above. More specifically, the L base class pulls in the L component, which defines the L method. When called, C creates and stores an instance of L. Luckily, to use tables as result sources, you don't need to remember any of this. Result sources representing select queries, or views, can also be created, see L for full details. =head2 Finding result source objects As mentioned above, a result source instance is created and stored for you when you define a L. You can retrieve the result source at runtime in the following ways: =over =item From a Schema object: $schema->source($source_name); =item From a Result object: $row->result_source; =item From a ResultSet object: $rs->result_source; =back =head1 METHODS =pod =cut sub new { my ($class, $attrs) = @_; $class = ref $class if ref $class; my $new = bless { %{$attrs || {}} }, $class; $new->{resultset_class} ||= 'DBIx::Class::ResultSet'; $new->{resultset_attributes} = { %{$new->{resultset_attributes} || {}} }; $new->{_ordered_columns} = [ @{$new->{_ordered_columns}||[]}]; $new->{_columns} = { %{$new->{_columns}||{}} }; $new->{_relationships} = { %{$new->{_relationships}||{}} }; $new->{name} ||= "!!NAME NOT SET!!"; $new->{_columns_info_loaded} ||= 0; return $new; } =pod =head2 add_columns =over =item Arguments: @columns =item Return Value: L<$result_source|/new> =back $source->add_columns(qw/col1 col2 col3/); $source->add_columns('col1' => \%col1_info, 'col2' => \%col2_info, ...); Adds columns to the result source. If supplied colname => hashref pairs, uses the hashref as the L for that column. Repeated calls of this method will add more columns, not replace them. The column names given will be created as accessor methods on your L objects. You can change the name of the accessor by supplying an L in the column_info hash. If a column name beginning with a plus sign ('+col1') is provided, the attributes provided will be merged with any existing attributes for the column, with the new attributes taking precedence in the case that an attribute already exists. Using this without a hashref (C<< $source->add_columns(qw/+col1 +col2/) >>) is legal, but useless -- it does the same thing it would do without the plus. The contents of the column_info are not set in stone. The following keys are currently recognised/used by DBIx::Class: =over 4 =item accessor { accessor => '_name' } # example use, replace standard accessor with one of your own: sub name { my ($self, $value) = @_; die "Name cannot contain digits!" if($value =~ /\d/); $self->_name($value); return $self->_name(); } Use this to set the name of the accessor method for this column. If unset, the name of the column will be used. =item data_type { data_type => 'integer' } This contains the column type. It is automatically filled if you use the L producer, or the L module. Currently there is no standard set of values for the data_type. Use whatever your database supports. =item size { size => 20 } The length of your column, if it is a column type that can have a size restriction. This is currently only used to create tables from your schema, see L. =item is_nullable { is_nullable => 1 } Set this to a true value for a columns that is allowed to contain NULL values, default is false. This is currently only used to create tables from your schema, see L. =item is_auto_increment { is_auto_increment => 1 } Set this to a true value for a column whose value is somehow automatically set, defaults to false. This is used to determine which columns to empty when cloning objects using L. It is also used by L. =item is_numeric { is_numeric => 1 } Set this to a true or false value (not C) to explicitly specify if this column contains numeric data. This controls how set_column decides whether to consider a column dirty after an update: if C is true a numeric comparison C<< != >> will take place instead of the usual C If not specified the storage class will attempt to figure this out on first access to the column, based on the column C. The result will be cached in this attribute. =item is_foreign_key { is_foreign_key => 1 } Set this to a true value for a column that contains a key from a foreign table, defaults to false. This is currently only used to create tables from your schema, see L. =item default_value { default_value => \'now()' } Set this to the default value which will be inserted into a column by the database. Can contain either a value or a function (use a reference to a scalar e.g. C<\'now()'> if you want a function). This is currently only used to create tables from your schema, see L. See the note on L for more information about possible issues related to db-side default values. =item sequence { sequence => 'my_table_seq' } Set this on a primary key column to the name of the sequence used to generate a new key value. If not specified, L will attempt to retrieve the name of the sequence from the database automatically. =item retrieve_on_insert { retrieve_on_insert => 1 } For every column where this is set to true, DBIC will retrieve the RDBMS-side value upon a new row insertion (normally only the autoincrement PK is retrieved on insert). C is used automatically if supported by the underlying storage, otherwise an extra SELECT statement is executed to retrieve the missing data. =item auto_nextval { auto_nextval => 1 } Set this to a true value for a column whose value is retrieved automatically from a sequence or function (if supported by your Storage driver.) For a sequence, if you do not use a trigger to get the nextval, you have to set the L value as well. Also set this for MSSQL columns with the 'uniqueidentifier' L whose values you want to automatically generate using C, unless they are a primary key in which case this will be done anyway. =item extra This is used by L and L to add extra non-generic data to the column. For example: C<< extra => { unsigned => 1} >> is used by the MySQL producer to set an integer column to unsigned. For more details, see L. =back =head2 add_column =over =item Arguments: $colname, \%columninfo? =item Return Value: 1/0 (true/false) =back $source->add_column('col' => \%info); Add a single column and optional column info. Uses the same column info keys as L. =cut sub add_columns { my ($self, @cols) = @_; $self->_ordered_columns(\@cols) unless $self->_ordered_columns; my @added; my $columns = $self->_columns; while (my $col = shift @cols) { my $column_info = {}; if ($col =~ s/^\+//) { $column_info = $self->column_info($col); } # If next entry is { ... } use that for the column info, if not # use an empty hashref if (ref $cols[0]) { my $new_info = shift(@cols); %$column_info = (%$column_info, %$new_info); } push(@added, $col) unless exists $columns->{$col}; $columns->{$col} = $column_info; } push @{ $self->_ordered_columns }, @added; return $self; } sub add_column { shift->add_columns(@_); } # DO NOT CHANGE THIS TO GLOB =head2 has_column =over =item Arguments: $colname =item Return Value: 1/0 (true/false) =back if ($source->has_column($colname)) { ... } Returns true if the source has a column of this name, false otherwise. =cut sub has_column { my ($self, $column) = @_; return exists $self->_columns->{$column}; } =head2 column_info =over =item Arguments: $colname =item Return Value: Hashref of info =back my $info = $source->column_info($col); Returns the column metadata hashref for a column, as originally passed to L. See L above for information on the contents of the hashref. =cut sub column_info { my ($self, $column) = @_; $self->throw_exception("No such column $column") unless exists $self->_columns->{$column}; if ( ! $self->_columns->{$column}{data_type} and ! $self->{_columns_info_loaded} and $self->column_info_from_storage and my $stor = try { $self->storage } ) { $self->{_columns_info_loaded}++; # try for the case of storage without table try { my $info = $stor->columns_info_for( $self->from ); my $lc_info = { map { (lc $_) => $info->{$_} } ( keys %$info ) }; foreach my $col ( keys %{$self->_columns} ) { $self->_columns->{$col} = { %{ $self->_columns->{$col} }, %{ $info->{$col} || $lc_info->{lc $col} || {} } }; } }; } return $self->_columns->{$column}; } =head2 columns =over =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: Ordered list of column names =back my @column_names = $source->columns; Returns all column names in the order they were declared to L. =cut sub columns { my $self = shift; $self->throw_exception( "columns() is a read-only accessor, did you mean add_columns()?" ) if @_; return @{$self->{_ordered_columns}||[]}; } =head2 columns_info =over =item Arguments: \@colnames ? =item Return Value: Hashref of column name/info pairs =back my $columns_info = $source->columns_info; Like L but returns information for the requested columns. If the optional column-list arrayref is omitted it returns info on all columns currently defined on the ResultSource via L. =cut sub columns_info { my ($self, $columns) = @_; my $colinfo = $self->_columns; if ( first { ! $_->{data_type} } values %$colinfo and ! $self->{_columns_info_loaded} and $self->column_info_from_storage and my $stor = try { $self->storage } ) { $self->{_columns_info_loaded}++; # try for the case of storage without table try { my $info = $stor->columns_info_for( $self->from ); my $lc_info = { map { (lc $_) => $info->{$_} } ( keys %$info ) }; foreach my $col ( keys %$colinfo ) { $colinfo->{$col} = { %{ $colinfo->{$col} }, %{ $info->{$col} || $lc_info->{lc $col} || {} } }; } }; } my %ret; if ($columns) { for (@$columns) { if (my $inf = $colinfo->{$_}) { $ret{$_} = $inf; } else { $self->throw_exception( sprintf ( "No such column '%s' on source %s", $_, $self->source_name, )); } } } else { %ret = %$colinfo; } return \%ret; } =head2 remove_columns =over =item Arguments: @colnames =item Return Value: not defined =back $source->remove_columns(qw/col1 col2 col3/); Removes the given list of columns by name, from the result source. B: Removing a column that is also used in the sources primary key, or in one of the sources unique constraints, B result in a broken result source. =head2 remove_column =over =item Arguments: $colname =item Return Value: not defined =back $source->remove_column('col'); Remove a single column by name from the result source, similar to L. B: Removing a column that is also used in the sources primary key, or in one of the sources unique constraints, B result in a broken result source. =cut sub remove_columns { my ($self, @to_remove) = @_; my $columns = $self->_columns or return; my %to_remove; for (@to_remove) { delete $columns->{$_}; ++$to_remove{$_}; } $self->_ordered_columns([ grep { not $to_remove{$_} } @{$self->_ordered_columns} ]); } sub remove_column { shift->remove_columns(@_); } # DO NOT CHANGE THIS TO GLOB =head2 set_primary_key =over 4 =item Arguments: @cols =item Return Value: not defined =back Defines one or more columns as primary key for this source. Must be called after L. Additionally, defines a L named C. Note: you normally do want to define a primary key on your sources B. See L for more info. =cut sub set_primary_key { my ($self, @cols) = @_; # check if primary key columns are valid columns foreach my $col (@cols) { $self->throw_exception("No such column $col on table " . $self->name) unless $self->has_column($col); } $self->_primaries(\@cols); $self->add_unique_constraint(primary => \@cols); } =head2 primary_columns =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: Ordered list of primary column names =back Read-only accessor which returns the list of primary keys, supplied by L. =cut sub primary_columns { return @{shift->_primaries||[]}; } # a helper method that will automatically die with a descriptive message if # no pk is defined on the source in question. For internal use to save # on if @pks... boilerplate sub _pri_cols { my $self = shift; my @pcols = $self->primary_columns or $self->throw_exception (sprintf( "Operation requires a primary key to be declared on '%s' via set_primary_key", # source_name is set only after schema-registration $self->source_name || $self->result_class || $self->name || 'Unknown source...?', )); return @pcols; } =head2 sequence Manually define the correct sequence for your table, to avoid the overhead associated with looking up the sequence automatically. The supplied sequence will be applied to the L of each L =over 4 =item Arguments: $sequence_name =item Return Value: not defined =back =cut sub sequence { my ($self,$seq) = @_; my @pks = $self->primary_columns or return; $_->{sequence} = $seq for values %{ $self->columns_info (\@pks) }; } =head2 add_unique_constraint =over 4 =item Arguments: $name?, \@colnames =item Return Value: not defined =back Declare a unique constraint on this source. Call once for each unique constraint. # For UNIQUE (column1, column2) __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraint( constraint_name => [ qw/column1 column2/ ], ); Alternatively, you can specify only the columns: __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraint([ qw/column1 column2/ ]); This will result in a unique constraint named C, where C
is replaced with the table name. Unique constraints are used, for example, when you pass the constraint name as the C attribute to L. Then only columns in the constraint are searched. Throws an error if any of the given column names do not yet exist on the result source. =cut sub add_unique_constraint { my $self = shift; if (@_ > 2) { $self->throw_exception( 'add_unique_constraint() does not accept multiple constraints, use ' . 'add_unique_constraints() instead' ); } my $cols = pop @_; if (ref $cols ne 'ARRAY') { $self->throw_exception ( 'Expecting an arrayref of constraint columns, got ' . ($cols||'NOTHING') ); } my $name = shift @_; $name ||= $self->name_unique_constraint($cols); foreach my $col (@$cols) { $self->throw_exception("No such column $col on table " . $self->name) unless $self->has_column($col); } my %unique_constraints = $self->unique_constraints; $unique_constraints{$name} = $cols; $self->_unique_constraints(\%unique_constraints); } =head2 add_unique_constraints =over 4 =item Arguments: @constraints =item Return Value: not defined =back Declare multiple unique constraints on this source. __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraints( constraint_name1 => [ qw/column1 column2/ ], constraint_name2 => [ qw/column2 column3/ ], ); Alternatively, you can specify only the columns: __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraints( [ qw/column1 column2/ ], [ qw/column3 column4/ ] ); This will result in unique constraints named C and C, where C
is replaced with the table name. Throws an error if any of the given column names do not yet exist on the result source. See also L. =cut sub add_unique_constraints { my $self = shift; my @constraints = @_; if ( !(@constraints % 2) && first { ref $_ ne 'ARRAY' } @constraints ) { # with constraint name while (my ($name, $constraint) = splice @constraints, 0, 2) { $self->add_unique_constraint($name => $constraint); } } else { # no constraint name foreach my $constraint (@constraints) { $self->add_unique_constraint($constraint); } } } =head2 name_unique_constraint =over 4 =item Arguments: \@colnames =item Return Value: Constraint name =back $source->table('mytable'); $source->name_unique_constraint(['col1', 'col2']); # returns 'mytable_col1_col2' Return a name for a unique constraint containing the specified columns. The name is created by joining the table name and each column name, using an underscore character. For example, a constraint on a table named C containing the columns C and C would result in a constraint name of C<cd_artist_title>. This is used by L</add_unique_constraint> if you do not specify the optional constraint name. =cut sub name_unique_constraint { my ($self, $cols) = @_; my $name = $self->name; $name = $$name if (ref $name eq 'SCALAR'); return join '_', $name, @$cols; } =head2 unique_constraints =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: Hash of unique constraint data =back $source->unique_constraints(); Read-only accessor which returns a hash of unique constraints on this source. The hash is keyed by constraint name, and contains an arrayref of column names as values. =cut sub unique_constraints { return %{shift->_unique_constraints||{}}; } =head2 unique_constraint_names =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: Unique constraint names =back $source->unique_constraint_names(); Returns the list of unique constraint names defined on this source. =cut sub unique_constraint_names { my ($self) = @_; my %unique_constraints = $self->unique_constraints; return keys %unique_constraints; } =head2 unique_constraint_columns =over 4 =item Arguments: $constraintname =item Return Value: List of constraint columns =back $source->unique_constraint_columns('myconstraint'); Returns the list of columns that make up the specified unique constraint. =cut sub unique_constraint_columns { my ($self, $constraint_name) = @_; my %unique_constraints = $self->unique_constraints; $self->throw_exception( "Unknown unique constraint $constraint_name on '" . $self->name . "'" ) unless exists $unique_constraints{$constraint_name}; return @{ $unique_constraints{$constraint_name} }; } =head2 sqlt_deploy_callback =over =item Arguments: $callback_name | \&callback_code =item Return Value: $callback_name | \&callback_code =back __PACKAGE__->sqlt_deploy_callback('mycallbackmethod'); or __PACKAGE__->sqlt_deploy_callback(sub { my ($source_instance, $sqlt_table) = @_; ... } ); An accessor to set a callback to be called during deployment of the schema via L<DBIx::Class::Schema/create_ddl_dir> or L<DBIx::Class::Schema/deploy>. The callback can be set as either a code reference or the name of a method in the current result class. Defaults to L</default_sqlt_deploy_hook>. Your callback will be passed the $source object representing the ResultSource instance being deployed, and the L<SQL::Translator::Schema::Table> object being created from it. The callback can be used to manipulate the table object or add your own customised indexes. If you need to manipulate a non-table object, use the L<DBIx::Class::Schema/sqlt_deploy_hook>. See L<DBIx::Class::Manual::Cookbook/Adding Indexes And Functions To Your SQL> for examples. This sqlt deployment callback can only be used to manipulate SQL::Translator objects as they get turned into SQL. To execute post-deploy statements which SQL::Translator does not currently handle, override L<DBIx::Class::Schema/deploy> in your Schema class and call L<dbh_do|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/dbh_do>. =head2 default_sqlt_deploy_hook This is the default deploy hook implementation which checks if your current Result class has a C<sqlt_deploy_hook> method, and if present invokes it B<on the Result class directly>. This is to preserve the semantics of C<sqlt_deploy_hook> which was originally designed to expect the Result class name and the L<$sqlt_table instance|SQL::Translator::Schema::Table> of the table being deployed. =cut sub default_sqlt_deploy_hook { my $self = shift; my $class = $self->result_class; if ($class and $class->can('sqlt_deploy_hook')) { $class->sqlt_deploy_hook(@_); } } sub _invoke_sqlt_deploy_hook { my $self = shift; if ( my $hook = $self->sqlt_deploy_callback) { $self->$hook(@_); } } =head2 result_class =over 4 =item Arguments: $classname =item Return Value: $classname =back use My::Schema::ResultClass::Inflator; ... use My::Schema::Artist; ... __PACKAGE__->result_class('My::Schema::ResultClass::Inflator'); Set the default result class for this source. You can use this to create and use your own result inflator. See L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/result_class> for more details. Please note that setting this to something like L<DBIx::Class::ResultClass::HashRefInflator> will make every result unblessed and make life more difficult. Inflators like those are better suited to temporary usage via L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/result_class>. =head2 resultset =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: L<$resultset|DBIx::Class::ResultSet> =back Returns a resultset for the given source. This will initially be created on demand by calling $self->resultset_class->new($self, $self->resultset_attributes) but is cached from then on unless resultset_class changes. =head2 resultset_class =over 4 =item Arguments: $classname =item Return Value: $classname =back package My::Schema::ResultSet::Artist; use base 'DBIx::Class::ResultSet'; ... # In the result class __PACKAGE__->resultset_class('My::Schema::ResultSet::Artist'); # Or in code $source->resultset_class('My::Schema::ResultSet::Artist'); Set the class of the resultset. This is useful if you want to create your own resultset methods. Create your own class derived from L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet>, and set it here. If called with no arguments, this method returns the name of the existing resultset class, if one exists. =head2 resultset_attributes =over 4 =item Arguments: L<\%attrs|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/ATTRIBUTES> =item Return Value: L<\%attrs|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/ATTRIBUTES> =back # In the result class __PACKAGE__->resultset_attributes({ order_by => [ 'id' ] }); # Or in code $source->resultset_attributes({ order_by => [ 'id' ] }); Store a collection of resultset attributes, that will be set on every L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> produced from this result source. B<CAVEAT>: C<resultset_attributes> comes with its own set of issues and bugs! While C<resultset_attributes> isn't deprecated per se, its usage is not recommended! Since relationships use attributes to link tables together, the "default" attributes you set may cause unpredictable and undesired behavior. Furthermore, the defaults cannot be turned off, so you are stuck with them. In most cases, what you should actually be using are project-specific methods: package My::Schema::ResultSet::Artist; use base 'DBIx::Class::ResultSet'; ... # BAD IDEA! #__PACKAGE__->resultset_attributes({ prefetch => 'tracks' }); # GOOD IDEA! sub with_tracks { shift->search({}, { prefetch => 'tracks' }) } # in your code $schema->resultset('Artist')->with_tracks->... This gives you the flexibility of not using it when you don't need it. For more complex situations, another solution would be to use a virtual view via L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource::View>. =cut sub resultset { my $self = shift; $self->throw_exception( 'resultset does not take any arguments. If you want another resultset, '. 'call it on the schema instead.' ) if scalar @_; $self->resultset_class->new( $self, { try { %{$self->schema->default_resultset_attributes} }, %{$self->{resultset_attributes}}, }, ); } =head2 name =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Result value: $name =back Returns the name of the result source, which will typically be the table name. This may be a scalar reference if the result source has a non-standard name. =head2 source_name =over 4 =item Arguments: $source_name =item Result value: $source_name =back Set an alternate name for the result source when it is loaded into a schema. This is useful if you want to refer to a result source by a name other than its class name. package ArchivedBooks; use base qw/DBIx::Class/; __PACKAGE__->table('books_archive'); __PACKAGE__->source_name('Books'); # from your schema... $schema->resultset('Books')->find(1); =head2 from =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: FROM clause =back my $from_clause = $source->from(); Returns an expression of the source to be supplied to storage to specify retrieval from this source. In the case of a database, the required FROM clause contents. =cut sub from { die 'Virtual method!' } =head2 schema =over 4 =item Arguments: L<$schema?|DBIx::Class::Schema> =item Return Value: L<$schema|DBIx::Class::Schema> =back my $schema = $source->schema(); Sets and/or returns the L<DBIx::Class::Schema> object to which this result source instance has been attached to. =cut sub schema { if (@_ > 1) { $_[0]->{schema} = $_[1]; } else { $_[0]->{schema} || do { my $name = $_[0]->{source_name} || '_unnamed_'; my $err = 'Unable to perform storage-dependent operations with a detached result source ' . "(source '$name' is not associated with a schema)."; $err .= ' You need to use $schema->thaw() or manually set' . ' $DBIx::Class::ResultSourceHandle::thaw_schema while thawing.' if $_[0]->{_detached_thaw}; DBIx::Class::Exception->throw($err); }; } } =head2 storage =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: L<$storage|DBIx::Class::Storage> =back $source->storage->debug(1); Returns the L<storage handle|DBIx::Class::Storage> for the current schema. =cut sub storage { shift->schema->storage; } =head2 add_relationship =over 4 =item Arguments: $rel_name, $related_source_name, \%cond, \%attrs? =item Return Value: 1/true if it succeeded =back $source->add_relationship('rel_name', 'related_source', $cond, $attrs); L<DBIx::Class::Relationship> describes a series of methods which create pre-defined useful types of relationships. Look there first before using this method directly. The relationship name can be arbitrary, but must be unique for each relationship attached to this result source. 'related_source' should be the name with which the related result source was registered with the current schema. For example: $schema->source('Book')->add_relationship('reviews', 'Review', { 'foreign.book_id' => 'self.id', }); The condition C<$cond> needs to be an L<SQL::Abstract>-style representation of the join between the tables. For example, if you're creating a relation from Author to Book, { 'foreign.author_id' => 'self.id' } will result in the JOIN clause author me JOIN book foreign ON foreign.author_id = me.id You can specify as many foreign => self mappings as necessary. Valid attributes are as follows: =over 4 =item join_type Explicitly specifies the type of join to use in the relationship. Any SQL join type is valid, e.g. C<LEFT> or C<RIGHT>. It will be placed in the SQL command immediately before C<JOIN>. =item proxy An arrayref containing a list of accessors in the foreign class to proxy in the main class. If, for example, you do the following: CD->might_have(liner_notes => 'LinerNotes', undef, { proxy => [ qw/notes/ ], }); Then, assuming LinerNotes has an accessor named notes, you can do: my $cd = CD->find(1); # set notes -- LinerNotes object is created if it doesn't exist $cd->notes('Notes go here'); =item accessor Specifies the type of accessor that should be created for the relationship. Valid values are C<single> (for when there is only a single related object), C<multi> (when there can be many), and C<filter> (for when there is a single related object, but you also want the relationship accessor to double as a column accessor). For C<multi> accessors, an add_to_* method is also created, which calls C<create_related> for the relationship. =back Throws an exception if the condition is improperly supplied, or cannot be resolved. =cut sub add_relationship { my ($self, $rel, $f_source_name, $cond, $attrs) = @_; $self->throw_exception("Can't create relationship without join condition") unless $cond; $attrs ||= {}; # Check foreign and self are right in cond if ( (ref $cond ||'') eq 'HASH') { for (keys %$cond) { $self->throw_exception("Keys of condition should be of form 'foreign.col', not '$_'") if /\./ && !/^foreign\./; } } my %rels = %{ $self->_relationships }; $rels{$rel} = { class => $f_source_name, source => $f_source_name, cond => $cond, attrs => $attrs }; $self->_relationships(\%rels); return $self; # XXX disabled. doesn't work properly currently. skip in tests. my $f_source = $self->schema->source($f_source_name); unless ($f_source) { $self->ensure_class_loaded($f_source_name); $f_source = $f_source_name->result_source; #my $s_class = ref($self->schema); #$f_source_name =~ m/^${s_class}::(.*)$/; #$self->schema->register_class(($1 || $f_source_name), $f_source_name); #$f_source = $self->schema->source($f_source_name); } return unless $f_source; # Can't test rel without f_source try { $self->_resolve_join($rel, 'me', {}, []) } catch { # If the resolve failed, back out and re-throw the error delete $rels{$rel}; $self->_relationships(\%rels); $self->throw_exception("Error creating relationship $rel: $_"); }; 1; } =head2 relationships =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: L<@rel_names|DBIx::Class::Relationship> =back my @relnames = $source->relationships(); Returns all relationship names for this source. =cut sub relationships { return keys %{shift->_relationships}; } =head2 relationship_info =over 4 =item Arguments: L<$rel_name|DBIx::Class::Relationship> =item Return Value: L<\%rel_data|DBIx::Class::Relationship::Base/add_relationship> =back Returns a hash of relationship information for the specified relationship name. The keys/values are as specified for L<DBIx::Class::Relationship::Base/add_relationship>. =cut sub relationship_info { #my ($self, $rel) = @_; return shift->_relationships->{+shift}; } =head2 has_relationship =over 4 =item Arguments: L<$rel_name|DBIx::Class::Relationship> =item Return Value: 1/0 (true/false) =back Returns true if the source has a relationship of this name, false otherwise. =cut sub has_relationship { #my ($self, $rel) = @_; return exists shift->_relationships->{+shift}; } =head2 reverse_relationship_info =over 4 =item Arguments: L<$rel_name|DBIx::Class::Relationship> =item Return Value: L<\%rel_data|DBIx::Class::Relationship::Base/add_relationship> =back Looks through all the relationships on the source this relationship points to, looking for one whose condition is the reverse of the condition on this relationship. A common use of this is to find the name of the C<belongs_to> relation opposing a C<has_many> relation. For definition of these look in L<DBIx::Class::Relationship>. The returned hashref is keyed by the name of the opposing relationship, and contains its data in the same manner as L</relationship_info>. =cut sub reverse_relationship_info { my ($self, $rel) = @_; my $rel_info = $self->relationship_info($rel) or $self->throw_exception("No such relationship '$rel'"); my $ret = {}; return $ret unless ((ref $rel_info->{cond}) eq 'HASH'); my $stripped_cond = $self->__strip_relcond ($rel_info->{cond}); my $rsrc_schema_moniker = $self->source_name if try { $self->schema }; # this may be a partial schema or something else equally esoteric my $other_rsrc = try { $self->related_source($rel) } or return $ret; # Get all the relationships for that source that related to this source # whose foreign column set are our self columns on $rel and whose self # columns are our foreign columns on $rel foreach my $other_rel ($other_rsrc->relationships) { # only consider stuff that points back to us # "us" here is tricky - if we are in a schema registration, we want # to use the source_names, otherwise we will use the actual classes # the schema may be partial my $roundtrip_rsrc = try { $other_rsrc->related_source($other_rel) } or next; if ($rsrc_schema_moniker and try { $roundtrip_rsrc->schema } ) { next unless $rsrc_schema_moniker eq $roundtrip_rsrc->source_name; } else { next unless $self->result_class eq $roundtrip_rsrc->result_class; } my $other_rel_info = $other_rsrc->relationship_info($other_rel); # this can happen when we have a self-referential class next if $other_rel_info eq $rel_info; next unless ref $other_rel_info->{cond} eq 'HASH'; my $other_stripped_cond = $self->__strip_relcond($other_rel_info->{cond}); $ret->{$other_rel} = $other_rel_info if ( $self->_compare_relationship_keys ( [ keys %$stripped_cond ], [ values %$other_stripped_cond ] ) and $self->_compare_relationship_keys ( [ values %$stripped_cond ], [ keys %$other_stripped_cond ] ) ); } return $ret; } # all this does is removes the foreign/self prefix from a condition sub __strip_relcond { +{ map { map { /^ (?:foreign|self) \. (\w+) $/x } ($_, $_[1]{$_}) } keys %{$_[1]} } } sub compare_relationship_keys { carp 'compare_relationship_keys is a private method, stop calling it'; my $self = shift; $self->_compare_relationship_keys (@_); } # Returns true if both sets of keynames are the same, false otherwise. sub _compare_relationship_keys { # my ($self, $keys1, $keys2) = @_; return join ("\x00", sort @{$_[1]}) eq join ("\x00", sort @{$_[2]}) ; } # optionally takes either an arrayref of column names, or a hashref of already # retrieved colinfos # returns an arrayref of column names of the shortest unique constraint # (matching some of the input if any), giving preference to the PK sub _identifying_column_set { my ($self, $cols) = @_; my %unique = $self->unique_constraints; my $colinfos = ref $cols eq 'HASH' ? $cols : $self->columns_info($cols||()); # always prefer the PK first, and then shortest constraints first USET: for my $set (delete $unique{primary}, sort { @$a <=> @$b } (values %unique) ) { next unless $set && @$set; for (@$set) { next USET unless ($colinfos->{$_} && !$colinfos->{$_}{is_nullable} ); } # copy so we can mangle it at will return [ @$set ]; } return undef; } # Returns the {from} structure used to express JOIN conditions sub _resolve_join { my ($self, $join, $alias, $seen, $jpath, $parent_force_left) = @_; # we need a supplied one, because we do in-place modifications, no returns $self->throw_exception ('You must supply a seen hashref as the 3rd argument to _resolve_join') unless ref $seen eq 'HASH'; $self->throw_exception ('You must supply a joinpath arrayref as the 4th argument to _resolve_join') unless ref $jpath eq 'ARRAY'; $jpath = [@$jpath]; # copy if (not defined $join or not length $join) { return (); } elsif (ref $join eq 'ARRAY') { return map { $self->_resolve_join($_, $alias, $seen, $jpath, $parent_force_left); } @$join; } elsif (ref $join eq 'HASH') { my @ret; for my $rel (keys %$join) { my $rel_info = $self->relationship_info($rel) or $self->throw_exception("No such relationship '$rel' on " . $self->source_name); my $force_left = $parent_force_left; $force_left ||= lc($rel_info->{attrs}{join_type}||'') eq 'left'; # the actual seen value will be incremented by the recursion my $as = $self->storage->relname_to_table_alias( $rel, ($seen->{$rel} && $seen->{$rel} + 1) ); push @ret, ( $self->_resolve_join($rel, $alias, $seen, [@$jpath], $force_left), $self->related_source($rel)->_resolve_join( $join->{$rel}, $as, $seen, [@$jpath, { $rel => $as }], $force_left ) ); } return @ret; } elsif (ref $join) { $self->throw_exception("No idea how to resolve join reftype ".ref $join); } else { my $count = ++$seen->{$join}; my $as = $self->storage->relname_to_table_alias( $join, ($count > 1 && $count) ); my $rel_info = $self->relationship_info($join) or $self->throw_exception("No such relationship $join on " . $self->source_name); my $rel_src = $self->related_source($join); return [ { $as => $rel_src->from, -rsrc => $rel_src, -join_type => $parent_force_left ? 'left' : $rel_info->{attrs}{join_type} , -join_path => [@$jpath, { $join => $as } ], -is_single => ( (! $rel_info->{attrs}{accessor}) or first { $rel_info->{attrs}{accessor} eq $_ } (qw/single filter/) ), -alias => $as, -relation_chain_depth => ( $seen->{-relation_chain_depth} || 0 ) + 1, }, scalar $self->_resolve_condition($rel_info->{cond}, $as, $alias, $join) ]; } } sub pk_depends_on { carp 'pk_depends_on is a private method, stop calling it'; my $self = shift; $self->_pk_depends_on (@_); } # Determines whether a relation is dependent on an object from this source # having already been inserted. Takes the name of the relationship and a # hashref of columns of the related object. sub _pk_depends_on { my ($self, $rel_name, $rel_data) = @_; my $relinfo = $self->relationship_info($rel_name); # don't assume things if the relationship direction is specified return $relinfo->{attrs}{is_foreign_key_constraint} if exists ($relinfo->{attrs}{is_foreign_key_constraint}); my $cond = $relinfo->{cond}; return 0 unless ref($cond) eq 'HASH'; # map { foreign.foo => 'self.bar' } to { bar => 'foo' } my $keyhash = { map { my $x = $_; $x =~ s/.*\.//; $x; } reverse %$cond }; # assume anything that references our PK probably is dependent on us # rather than vice versa, unless the far side is (a) defined or (b) # auto-increment my $rel_source = $self->related_source($rel_name); foreach my $p ($self->primary_columns) { if (exists $keyhash->{$p}) { unless (defined($rel_data->{$keyhash->{$p}}) || $rel_source->column_info($keyhash->{$p}) ->{is_auto_increment}) { return 0; } } } return 1; } sub resolve_condition { carp 'resolve_condition is a private method, stop calling it'; my $self = shift; $self->_resolve_condition (@_); } our $UNRESOLVABLE_CONDITION = \ '1 = 0'; # Resolves the passed condition to a concrete query fragment and a flag # indicating whether this is a cross-table condition. Also an optional # list of non-triviail values (notmally conditions) returned as a part # of a joinfree condition hash sub _resolve_condition { my ($self, $cond, $as, $for, $rel_name) = @_; my $obj_rel = !!blessed $for; if (ref $cond eq 'CODE') { my $relalias = $obj_rel ? 'me' : $as; my ($crosstable_cond, $joinfree_cond) = $cond->({ self_alias => $obj_rel ? $as : $for, foreign_alias => $relalias, self_resultsource => $self, foreign_relname => $rel_name || ($obj_rel ? $as : $for), self_rowobj => $obj_rel ? $for : undef }); my $cond_cols; if ($joinfree_cond) { # FIXME sanity check until things stabilize, remove at some point $self->throw_exception ( "A join-free condition returned for relationship '$rel_name' without a row-object to chain from" ) unless $obj_rel; # FIXME another sanity check if ( ref $joinfree_cond ne 'HASH' or first { $_ !~ /^\Q$relalias.\E.+/ } keys %$joinfree_cond ) { $self->throw_exception ( "The join-free condition returned for relationship '$rel_name' must be a hash " .'reference with all keys being valid columns on the related result source' ); } # normalize for (values %$joinfree_cond) { $_ = $_->{'='} if ( ref $_ eq 'HASH' and keys %$_ == 1 and exists $_->{'='} ); } # see which parts of the joinfree cond are conditionals my $relcol_list = { map { $_ => 1 } $self->related_source($rel_name)->columns }; for my $c (keys %$joinfree_cond) { my ($colname) = $c =~ /^ (?: \Q$relalias.\E )? (.+)/x; unless ($relcol_list->{$colname}) { push @$cond_cols, $colname; next; } if ( ref $joinfree_cond->{$c} and ref $joinfree_cond->{$c} ne 'SCALAR' and ref $joinfree_cond->{$c} ne 'REF' ) { push @$cond_cols, $colname; next; } } return wantarray ? ($joinfree_cond, 0, $cond_cols) : $joinfree_cond; } else { return wantarray ? ($crosstable_cond, 1) : $crosstable_cond; } } elsif (ref $cond eq 'HASH') { my %ret; foreach my $k (keys %{$cond}) { my $v = $cond->{$k}; # XXX should probably check these are valid columns $k =~ s/^foreign\.// || $self->throw_exception("Invalid rel cond key ${k}"); $v =~ s/^self\.// || $self->throw_exception("Invalid rel cond val ${v}"); if (ref $for) { # Object #warn "$self $k $for $v"; unless ($for->has_column_loaded($v)) { if ($for->in_storage) { $self->throw_exception(sprintf "Unable to resolve relationship '%s' from object %s: column '%s' not " . 'loaded from storage (or not passed to new() prior to insert()). You ' . 'probably need to call ->discard_changes to get the server-side defaults ' . 'from the database.', $as, $for, $v, ); } return $UNRESOLVABLE_CONDITION; } $ret{$k} = $for->get_column($v); #$ret{$k} = $for->get_column($v) if $for->has_column_loaded($v); #warn %ret; } elsif (!defined $for) { # undef, i.e. "no object" $ret{$k} = undef; } elsif (ref $as eq 'HASH') { # reverse hashref $ret{$v} = $as->{$k}; } elsif (ref $as) { # reverse object $ret{$v} = $as->get_column($k); } elsif (!defined $as) { # undef, i.e. "no reverse object" $ret{$v} = undef; } else { $ret{"${as}.${k}"} = { -ident => "${for}.${v}" }; } } return wantarray ? ( \%ret, ($obj_rel || !defined $as || ref $as) ? 0 : 1 ) : \%ret ; } elsif (ref $cond eq 'ARRAY') { my (@ret, $crosstable); for (@$cond) { my ($cond, $crosstab) = $self->_resolve_condition($_, $as, $for, $rel_name); push @ret, $cond; $crosstable ||= $crosstab; } return wantarray ? (\@ret, $crosstable) : \@ret; } else { $self->throw_exception ("Can't handle condition $cond for relationship '$rel_name' yet :("); } } =head2 related_source =over 4 =item Arguments: $rel_name =item Return Value: $source =back Returns the result source object for the given relationship. =cut sub related_source { my ($self, $rel) = @_; if( !$self->has_relationship( $rel ) ) { $self->throw_exception("No such relationship '$rel' on " . $self->source_name); } # if we are not registered with a schema - just use the prototype # however if we do have a schema - ask for the source by name (and # throw in the process if all fails) if (my $schema = try { $self->schema }) { $schema->source($self->relationship_info($rel)->{source}); } else { my $class = $self->relationship_info($rel)->{class}; $self->ensure_class_loaded($class); $class->result_source_instance; } } =head2 related_class =over 4 =item Arguments: $rel_name =item Return Value: $classname =back Returns the class name for objects in the given relationship. =cut sub related_class { my ($self, $rel) = @_; if( !$self->has_relationship( $rel ) ) { $self->throw_exception("No such relationship '$rel' on " . $self->source_name); } return $self->schema->class($self->relationship_info($rel)->{source}); } =head2 handle =over 4 =item Arguments: none =item Return Value: L<$source_handle|DBIx::Class::ResultSourceHandle> =back Obtain a new L<result source handle instance|DBIx::Class::ResultSourceHandle> for this source. Used as a serializable pointer to this resultsource, as it is not easy (nor advisable) to serialize CODErefs which may very well be present in e.g. relationship definitions. =cut sub handle { return DBIx::Class::ResultSourceHandle->new({ source_moniker => $_[0]->source_name, # so that a detached thaw can be re-frozen $_[0]->{_detached_thaw} ? ( _detached_source => $_[0] ) : ( schema => $_[0]->schema ) , }); } my $global_phase_destroy; sub DESTROY { return if $global_phase_destroy ||= in_global_destruction; ###### # !!! ACHTUNG !!!! ###### # # Under no circumstances shall $_[0] be stored anywhere else (like copied to # a lexical variable, or shifted, or anything else). Doing so will mess up # the refcount of this particular result source, and will allow the $schema # we are trying to save to reattach back to the source we are destroying. # The relevant code checking refcounts is in ::Schema::DESTROY() # if we are not a schema instance holder - we don't matter return if( ! ref $_[0]->{schema} or isweak $_[0]->{schema} ); # weaken our schema hold forcing the schema to find somewhere else to live # during global destruction (if we have not yet bailed out) this will throw # which will serve as a signal to not try doing anything else # however beware - on older perls the exception seems randomly untrappable # due to some weird race condition during thread joining :((( local $@; eval { weaken $_[0]->{schema}; # if schema is still there reintroduce ourselves with strong refs back to us if ($_[0]->{schema}) { my $srcregs = $_[0]->{schema}->source_registrations; for (keys %$srcregs) { next unless $srcregs->{$_}; $srcregs->{$_} = $_[0] if $srcregs->{$_} == $_[0]; } } 1; } or do { $global_phase_destroy = 1; }; return; } sub STORABLE_freeze { Storable::nfreeze($_[0]->handle) } sub STORABLE_thaw { my ($self, $cloning, $ice) = @_; %$self = %{ (Storable::thaw($ice))->resolve }; } =head2 throw_exception See L<DBIx::Class::Schema/"throw_exception">. =cut sub throw_exception { my $self = shift; $self->{schema} ? $self->{schema}->throw_exception(@_) : DBIx::Class::Exception->throw(@_) ; } =head2 source_info Stores a hashref of per-source metadata. No specific key names have yet been standardized, the examples below are purely hypothetical and don't actually accomplish anything on their own: __PACKAGE__->source_info({ "_tablespace" => 'fast_disk_array_3', "_engine" => 'InnoDB', }); =head2 new $class->new(); $class->new({attribute_name => value}); Creates a new ResultSource object. Not normally called directly by end users. =head2 column_info_from_storage =over =item Arguments: 1/0 (default: 0) =item Return Value: 1/0 =back __PACKAGE__->column_info_from_storage(1); Enables the on-demand automatic loading of the above column metadata from storage as necessary. This is *deprecated*, and should not be used. It will be removed before 1.0. =head1 AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS See L<AUTHOR|DBIx::Class/AUTHOR> and L<CONTRIBUTORS|DBIx::Class/CONTRIBUTORS> in DBIx::Class =head1 LICENSE You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself. =cut 1;