###########################################################################
# Net::SIP::Packet
# parsing, creating and manipulating of SIP packets
###########################################################################

use strict;
use warnings;

package Net::SIP::Packet;

use Net::SIP::Debug;
use Storable;
use Net::SIP::SDP;
use Carp 'croak';

use fields qw( code text header lines body as_string );

# code: response code (numeric) or request method
# text: response text or request URI
# body: scalar with body
# as_string: string representation
# lines: array-ref or [ original_header_lines, number_of_parts ]
# header: array-ref of Net::SIP::HeaderPair




###########################################################################
# Constructor
# Creates new object. If there was only one argument it will interprete
# it as a string representation (see new_from_string), otherwise it will
# assume a hash/array representation (see new_from_parts)
# Args: see new_from_string|new_from_parts
# Returns: $self
###########################################################################
sub new {
	my $class = shift;
	return @_>1
		? $class->new_from_parts(@_)
		: $class->new_from_string(@_);
}

###########################################################################
# create new object from parts
# Args: ($class,$code,$text,$header,$body)
#   $code:   Response code or request method
#   $text:   Response text or request URI
#   $header: Header representation as array or hash
#            either [ [key1 => val2],[key2 => val2],... ] where the same
#            key can occure multiple times
#            or { key1 => val1, key2 => val2 } where val can be either
#            a scalar or an array-ref (if the same key has multiple values)
#   $body:   Body as string
# Returns: $self
# Comment:
# if $class is Net::SIP::Packet $self will be either Net::SIP::Request
# or Net::SIP::Response (both are subclasses from Net::SIP::Packet) depending
# if it is a request or response
###########################################################################
sub new_from_parts {
	my ($class,$code,$text,$header,$body) = @_;

	# header can be hash-ref or array-ref
	# if hash-ref convert it to array-ref sorted by key
	# (sort just to make the result predictable)
	if ( UNIVERSAL::isa( $header,'HASH' )) {
		my @hnew;
		foreach my $key ( sort keys %$header ) {
			my $v = $header->{$key};
			foreach my $value ( ref($v) ? @$v : ($v) ) {
				push @hnew,[ $key,$value ];
			}
		}
		$header = \@hnew;
	}

	if ( $code =~m{^\d} ) {
		# Response
		$class = 'Net::SIP::Response' if $class eq 'Net::SIP::Packet';
	} else {
		# Request
		$code = uc($code);                             # uppercase method
		$class = 'Net::SIP::Request' if $class eq 'Net::SIP::Packet';
	}

	my $self = fields::new($class);
	$self->{code} = $code;
	$self->{text} = defined($text) ? $text:'';

	# $self->{header} is list of Net::SIP::HeaderPair which cares about normalized
	# keys while maintaining the original key, so that one can restore header
	# the elements from @$header can be either [ key,value ] or Net::SIP::HeaderPair's
	# but have to be all from the same type
	my @hnew;
	my $normalized = 0;
	for( my $i=0;$i<@$header;$i++ ) {
		my ($key,$value,$orig_key) = @{ $header->[$i] };
		defined($value) || next;
		if ( $orig_key ) {
			# assume it's already normalized
			push @hnew, $header->[$i];
			$normalized = 1;
		} else {
			croak( "mix between normalized and not normalized data in header" ) if $normalized;
			push @hnew, Net::SIP::HeaderPair->new( $key,$value ) ;
		}
	}

	$self->{header} = \@hnew;
	# as_string is still undef, it will be evaluated once we call as_string()

	if ( ref($body)) {
		if ( !$self->get_header( 'content-type' )) {
			my $sub = UNIVERSAL::can( $body, 'content_type' );
			$self->set_header( 'content-type' => $sub->($body) ) if $sub;
		}
		$body = $body->as_string;
	}
	$self->{body}   = $body;

	return $self;
}

###########################################################################
# Create new packet from string
# Args: ($class,$string)
#    $string: String representation of packet
# Returns: $self
# Comment:
#    for the class of $self see comment in new_from_parts above
###########################################################################
sub new_from_string {
	my ($class,$string) = @_;
	my $data = _string2parts( $string );
	if ( $class eq 'Net::SIP::Packet' ) {
		$class = $data->{code} =~m{^\d} 
			? 'Net::SIP::Response'
			:'Net::SIP::Request';
	}
	my $self = fields::new($class);
	%$self = %$data;
	return $self;
}

###########################################################################
# Find out if it is a request
# Args: $self
# Returns: 1 if it's a request
###########################################################################
sub is_request {
	my $self = shift;
	$self->{code} || $self->as_parts();
	return $self->{code} !~m{^\d}
}

###########################################################################
# Find out if it is a response
# Args: $self
# Returns: 1 if it's a response
###########################################################################
sub is_response {
	return ! shift->is_request()
}


###########################################################################
# Return transaction Id of packet, consisting of the call-id and
# the CSeq num. Method is not included because ACK or CANCEL requests
# belong to the same transaction as the INVITE
# Responses have the same TID as the request
# Args: $self
# Returns: $tid
###########################################################################
sub tid {
	my Net::SIP::Packet $self = shift;
	$self->get_header( 'cseq' ) =~m{^(\d+)};
	return $self->get_header( 'call-id' ).' '.$1;
}

###########################################################################
# Accessors for Headerelements
###########################################################################

###########################################################################
# Access cseq Header
# Args: $self
# Returns: $cseq_value
###########################################################################
sub cseq { scalar( shift->get_header('cseq')) }

###########################################################################
# Access call-id Header
# Args: $self
# Returns: $callid
###########################################################################
sub callid { scalar( shift->get_header('call-id')) }

###########################################################################
# Access header
# Args: ($self; $key)
#  $key: (optional) which headerkey to access
# Returns: @val|\%header
#   @val: if key given returns all values for this key
#      croak()s if in scalar context and I've more then one value for the key
#   \%header: if no key given returns hash with
#      { key1 => \@val1, key2 => \@val2,.. }
###########################################################################
sub get_header {
	my ($self,$key) = @_;
	my $hdr = ($self->as_parts)[2];
	if ( $key ) {
		$key = _normalize_hdrkey($key);
		my @v;
		foreach my $h (@$hdr) {
			push @v,$h->{value} if $h->{key} eq $key;
		}
		return @v if wantarray;
		if (@v>1) {
			# looks like we have multiple headers but expect only
			# one. Because we've seen bad client which issue multiple
			# content-length header we try if all in @v are the same
			my %v = map { $_ => 1 } @v;
			return $v[0] if keys(%v) == 1; # ok, only one
			croak( "multiple values for $key in packet:\n".$self->as_string );
		}
		return $v[0];
	} else {
		my %result;
		foreach my $h (@$hdr) {
			push @{ $result{$h->{key}} }, $h->{value};
		}
		return \%result;
	}
}

###########################################################################
# get header as Net::SIP::HeaderVal
# like get_header, but instead of giving scalar values gives Net::SIP::HeaderVal
# objects which have various accessors, like extracting the parameters
# Args: ($self; $key)
#  $key: (optional) which headerkey to access
# Returns: @val|\%header
#   @val: if key given returns all values (Net::SIP::HeaderVal) for this key
#      croak()s if in scalar context and I've more then one value for the key
#   \%header: if no key given returns hash with
#      { key1 => \@val1, key2 => \@val2,.. } where val are Net::SIP::HeaderVal
###########################################################################
sub get_header_hashval {
	my ($self,$key) = @_;
	my $hdr = ($self->as_parts)[2];
	if ( $key ) {
		$key = _normalize_hdrkey($key);
		my @v;
		foreach my $h (@$hdr) {
			push @v,Net::SIP::HeaderVal->new( $h )
				if $h->{key} eq $key;
		}
		return @v if wantarray;
		croak( "multiple values for $key" ) if @v>1;
		return $v[0];
	} else {
		my %result;
		foreach my $h (@$hdr) {
			push @{ $result{$h->{key}} },
				Net::SIP::HeaderVal->new( $h );
		}
		return \%result;
	}
}

###########################################################################
# Add header to SIP packet, headers gets added after all other headers
# Args: ($self,$key,$val)
#   $key: Header key
#   $val: scalar or \@array which contains value(s)
###########################################################################
sub add_header {
	my ($self,$key,$val) = @_;
	my $hdr = ($self->as_parts)[2];
	foreach my $v ( ref($val) ? @$val:$val ) {
		### TODO: should add quoting to $v if necessary
		push @$hdr, Net::SIP::HeaderPair->new( $key,$v );
	}
	$self->_update_string();
}

###########################################################################
# Add header to SIP packet, header gets added before all other headers
# Args: ($self,$key,$val)
#   $key: Header key
#   $val: scalar or \@array which contains value(s)
###########################################################################
sub insert_header {
	my ($self,$key,$val) = @_;
	my $hdr = ($self->as_parts)[2];
	foreach my $v ( ref($val) ? @$val:$val ) {
		### TODO: should add quoting to $v if necessary
		unshift @$hdr, Net::SIP::HeaderPair->new( $key,$v );
	}
	$self->_update_string();
}

###########################################################################
# Delete all headers for a key
# Args: ($self,$key)
###########################################################################
sub del_header {
	my ($self,$key) = @_;
	$key = _normalize_hdrkey($key);
	my $hdr = ($self->as_parts)[2];
	@$hdr = grep { $_->{key} ne $key } @$hdr;
	$self->_update_string();
}

###########################################################################
# Set header for key to val, e.g. delete all remaining headers for key
# Args: ($self,$key,$val)
#   $key: Header key
#   $val: scalar or \@array which contains value(s)
###########################################################################
sub set_header {
	my ($self,$key,$val) = @_;
	$key = _normalize_hdrkey($key);
	# del_header
	my $hdr = ($self->as_parts)[2];
	@$hdr = grep { $_->{key} ne $key } @$hdr;
	# add_header
	foreach my $v ( ref($val) ? @$val:$val ) {
		### TODO: should add quoting to $v if necessary
		push @$hdr, Net::SIP::HeaderPair->new( $key,$v );
	}
	$self->_update_string();
}

###########################################################################
# set the body
# Args: ($self,$body)
#  $body: string or object with method as_string (like Net::SIP::SDP)
# Returns: NONE
###########################################################################
sub set_body {
	my ($self,$body) = @_;
	if ( ref($body)) {
		if ( !$self->get_header( 'content-type' )) {
			my $sub = UNIVERSAL::can( $body, 'content_type' );
			$self->set_header( 'content-type' => $sub->($body) ) if $sub;
		}
		$body = $body->as_string;
	}
	$self->as_parts;
	$self->{body} = $body;
	$self->_update_string();
}

###########################################################################
# Iterate over all headers with sup and remove or manipulate them
# Args: ($self,@arg)
#  @arg: either $key => $sub or only $sub
#    if $key is given only headers for this key gets modified
#    $sub is either \&code or [ \&code, @args ]
#    code gets $pair (Net::SIP::HeaderPair) as last parameter
#    to remove header it should call $pair->remove, if it modify
#    header it should call $pair->set_modified
###########################################################################
sub scan_header {
	my Net::SIP::Packet $self = shift;
	my $key = _normalize_hdrkey(shift) if @_>1;
	my $sub = shift;

	($sub, my @args) = ref($sub) eq 'CODE' ? ($sub):@$sub;

	my $hdr = ($self->as_parts)[2];
	foreach my $h (@$hdr) {
		next if $key && $h->{key} ne $key;
		# in-place modify or delete (set key to undef)
		$sub->(@args,$h);
	}
	# remove deleted entries ( !key ) from @$hdr
	@$hdr = grep { $_->{key} } @$hdr;
	$self->_update_string();
}

###########################################################################
# Return packet as string
# tries to restore as much as possible from original packet (if created
# from string)
# Args: $self
# Returns: $packet_as_string
###########################################################################
sub as_string {
	my $self = shift;

	# check if content-length header is up-to-date
	my $body = $self->{body} || '';
	my $cl = $self->get_header( 'content-length' );
	if ( defined($cl) && $cl != length($body) ) {
		$self->set_header( 'content-length',length($body))
	}

	# return immediatly if request is up to date
	return $self->{as_string} if $self->{as_string};

	my $header = $self->{header};

	# check if the lines from the original packet (if created
	# from string, see as_parts) are up-to-date
	my @result;
	if ( my $lines = $self->{lines} ) {
		for (my $i=0;$i<@$lines;$i++ ) {
			my ($line,$count) = @{ $lines->[$i] || next };

			# check if $count entries for line-index $i in headers
			my @hi = grep {
				my $line = $header->[$_]{line};
				( defined($line) && $line == $i ) ? 1:0;
			} (0..$#$header);
			if ( @hi == $count ) {
				# assume that line wasn't changed because the count is right
				$result[ $hi[0] ] = $line;
			} elsif ( @hi ) {
				# some parts from this line have been modified
				# place remaining parts back to same line
				my $v = join( ", ", map { $header->[$_]{value} } @hi );
				$v  =~s{\r?\n\s*}{\r\n }g; # \r?\n\s* -> \r\n + space for continuation lines
				my $r = $result[ $hi[0] ] = $header->[ $hi[0] ]{orig_key}.": ".$v;
				$lines->[$i] = [ $r,int(@hi) ]; # and update $lines
			} else {
				# nothing remaining from line $i, update lines
				delete $lines->[$i];
			}
		}
	}

	# all lines from $header which had a defined line index should have been
	# handled by the code above, now care about the lines w/o defined line
	foreach my $hi ( grep { !defined( $header->[$_]{line} ) } (0..$#$header) ) {

		my $v = $header->[$hi]{value};
		$v =~s{\r?\n\s*}{\r\n }g; # \r?\n\s* -> \r\n + space for continuation lines
		$result[$hi] = ucfirst($header->[$hi]{key}).": ".$v;
	}

	# (re)build packet
	my $hdr_string = $self->{code} =~m{^\d}
		? "SIP/2.0 $self->{code} $self->{text}\r\n"   # Response
		: "$self->{code} $self->{text} SIP/2.0\r\n"   # Request
		;

	$hdr_string .= join( "\r\n", grep { $_ } @result )."\r\n";

	# add content-length header if there was none
	$hdr_string .= sprintf( "Content-length: %d\r\n", length( $body ))
		if !defined($cl);

	return ( $self->{as_string} = $hdr_string."\r\n".$body );
}

###########################################################################
# packet dump in long or short form, used mainly for debuging
# Args: ($self,?$level)
#  $level: level of details: undef|0 -> one line, else -> as_string
# Returns: $dump_as_string
###########################################################################
sub dump {
	my Net::SIP::Packet $self = shift;
	my $level = shift;
	if ( !$level ) {
		my ($code,$text,$header,$body) = $self->as_parts;
		if ( $self->is_request ) {
			return "REQ  $code $text ".( $body ? 'with body' :'' );
		} else {
			return "RESP $code '$text' ".( $body ? 'with body' :'' );
		}
	} else {
		return $self->as_string
	}
}


###########################################################################
# Return parts
# Args: ($self)
# Returns: ($code,$text,$header,$body)
#   $code:   Response code or request method
#   $text:   Response text or request URI
#   $header: Header representation as array
#            [ [key1 => val2],[key2 => val2],... ] where the same
#            key can occure multiple times
#   $body:   Body as string
# Comment:
# Output from this method is directly usable as input to new_from_parts
###########################################################################
sub as_parts {
	my $self = shift;

	# if parts are up to date return immediatly#
	if ( ! $self->{code} ) {
		my $data = _string2parts( $self->{as_string} );
		%$self = ( %$self,%$data );
	}
	return @{$self}{qw(code text header body)} if $self->{code};
}

{
	my $word_rx = qr{[\w\-\.!%\*+`'~()<>:"/?{}\x1c\x1b\x1d]+};
	my $callid_rx = qr{^$word_rx(?:\@$word_rx)?$};
	my %key2parser = (

		# FIXME: More of these should be more strict to filter out invalid values
		# for now they are only given here to distinguish them from the keys, which
		# can be given multiple times either on different lines or on the same delimited
		# by comma

		'www-authenticate' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'authorization' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'proxy-authenticate' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'proxy-authorization' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'date' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'content-disposition' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'content-type' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'mime-version' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'organization' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'priority' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'reply-to' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'retry-after' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'server' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'to' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,
		'user-agent' => \&_hdrkey_parse_keep,

		'content-length' => \&_hdrkey_parse_num,
		'expires' => \&_hdrkey_parse_num,
		'max-forwards' => \&_hdrkey_parse_num,
		'min-expires' => \&_hdrkey_parse_num,

		'call-id' => sub { 
			$_[0] =~ $callid_rx or die "invalid callid, should be 'word [@ word]'";
			return $_[0];
		},
		'cseq' => sub { 
			$_[0] =~ m{^\d+\s+\w+\s*$} or die "invalid cseq, should be 'number method'";
			return $_[0];
		},
	);

	sub _hdrkey_parse_keep { return $_[0] };
	sub _hdrkey_parse_num {
		my ($v,$k) = @_;
		$v =~m{^(\d+)\s*$} || die "invalid $k, should be number";
		return $1;
	};

	sub _hdrkey_parse_comma_seperated {
		my ($v,$k) = @_;
		my @v = ( '' );
		my $quoted = 0;
		# split on komma (but not if quoted)
		while (1) {
			if ( $v =~m{\G(.*?)([\\",])}gc ) {
				if ( $2 eq "\\" ) {
					$v[-1].=$1.$2.substr( $v,pos($v),1 );
					pos($v)++;
				} elsif ( $2 eq '"' ) {
					$v[-1].=$1.$2;
					$quoted = !$quoted;
				} elsif ( $2 eq ',' ) {
					# next item if not quoted
					( $v[-1].=$1 ) =~s{\s+$}{}; # strip trailing space
					push @v,'' if !$quoted;
					$v =~m{\G\s+}gc; # skip space after ','
				}
			} else {
				# add rest to last from @v
				$v[-1].= substr($v,pos($v)||0 );
				last;
			}
		}
		return @v;
	}

	sub _string2parts {
		my $string = shift;
		my %result = ( as_string => $string );

		# otherwise parse request
		my ($header,$body) = split( m{\r?\n\r?\n}, $string,2 );
		my @header = split( m{\r?\n}, $header );

		if ( $header[0] =~m{^SIP/2.0\s+(\d+)\s+(\S.*?)\s*$} ) {
			# Response, e.g. SIP/2.0 407 Authorization required
			$result{code} = $1;
			$result{text} = $2;
		} elsif ( $header[0] =~m{^(\w+)\s+(\S.*?)\s+SIP/2\.0\s*$} ) {
			# Request, e.g. INVITE <sip:bla@fasel> SIP/2.0
			$result{code} = $1;
			$result{text} = $2;
		} else {
			die "bad request: starts with '$header[0]'";
		}
		shift(@header);

		$result{body} = $body;

		my @hdr;
		my @lines;
		while (@header) {
			my ($k,$v) = $header[0] =~m{^([^\s:]+)\s*:\s*(.*)}
				or die "bad header line $header[0]";
			my $line = shift(@header);
			while ( @header && $header[0] =~m{^\s+(.*)} ) {
				# continuation line
				$v .= "\n$1";
				$line .= shift(@header);
			}
			my $nk = _normalize_hdrkey($k);

			my $parse = $key2parser{$nk};
			my @v = $parse ? $parse->($v,$nk) : _hdrkey_parse_comma_seperated($v,$nk);
			if ( @v>1 ) {
				for( my $i=0;$i<@v;$i++ ) {
					push @hdr, Net::SIP::HeaderPair->new( $k,$v[$i],scalar(@lines),$i );
				}
			} else {
				push @hdr, Net::SIP::HeaderPair->new( $k,$v[0],scalar(@lines) );
			}
			push @lines, [ $line, int(@v) ];
		}
		$result{header} = \@hdr;
		$result{lines}  = \@lines;
		return \%result;
	}
}

###########################################################################
# return SDP body
# Args: $self
# Returns: $body
#   $body: Net::SIP::SDP object if body exists and content-type is
#     application/sdp (or not defined)
###########################################################################
sub sdp_body {
	my Net::SIP::Packet $self = shift;
	my $ct = $self->get_header( 'content-type' );
	return if $ct && lc($ct) ne 'application/sdp';
	my $body = ($self->as_parts)[3] || return;
	return Net::SIP::SDP->new( $body );
}

###########################################################################
# clone packet, so that modification does not affect the original
# Args: $self
# Returns: $clone
###########################################################################
sub clone {
	return Storable::dclone( shift );
}

###########################################################################
# Trigger updating parts, e.g. code, header...
# done by setting code as undef if as_string is set, so the next time
# I'll try to access code it will be recalculated from string
# Args: $self
###########################################################################
sub _update_parts {
	my $self = shift;
	$self->{code} = undef if $self->{as_string};
}

###########################################################################
# Trigger updating string
# done by setting as_string as undef if code is set, so the next time
# I'll try to access as_string it will be recalculated from the parts
# Args: $self
###########################################################################
sub _update_string {
	my $self = shift;
	$self->{as_string} = undef if $self->{code};
}

###########################################################################
# access _normalize_hdrkey function from Net::SIP::HeaderPair
# Args: $key
# Returns: $key_normalized
###########################################################################
sub _normalize_hdrkey {
	goto &Net::SIP::HeaderPair::_normalize_hdrkey
}

###########################################################################
# Net::SIP::HeaderPair
# container for normalized key,value and some infos to restore
# string representation
###########################################################################

package Net::SIP::HeaderPair;
use fields qw( key value orig_key line pos );

#   key:       normalized key: lower case, not compact
#   value:     value
#   orig_key:  original key: can be mixed case and compact
#   line:      index of header line within original request
#   pos:       relativ position in line (starting with 0) if multiple
#              values are given in one line

###########################################################################
# Create new HeaderPair
# Args: ($class,$key,$value,$line,$pos)
#   $key: orginal key
#   $value: value
#   $line: index of header line in orginal header
#   $pos: index within header line if multiple values are in line
# Returns: $self
###########################################################################
sub new {
	my ($class,$key,$value,$line,$pos) = @_;
	my $self = fields::new( $class );
	$self->{key} = _normalize_hdrkey( $key);
	$self->{value} = $value;
	$self->{orig_key} = $key;
	$self->{line} = $line;
	$self->{pos} = $pos;
	return $self;
}

###########################################################################
# Mark HeaderPair as removed by setting key to undef
# used from Net::SIP:Packet::scan_header
# Args: $self
###########################################################################
sub remove {
	# mark es removed
	shift->{key} = undef
}

###########################################################################
# Mark HeaderPair as modified by setting line to undef and thus deassociating
# it from the original header line
# Args: $self
###########################################################################
sub set_modified {
	# mark as modified
	my $self = shift;
	$self->{line} = $self->{pos} = undef;
}


{
	my %alias = (
		i => 'call-id',
		m => 'contact',
		e => 'content-encoding',
		l => 'content-length',
		c => 'content-type',
		f => 'from',
		s => 'subject',
		k => 'supported',
		t => 'to',
		v => 'via',
	);
	sub _normalize_hdrkey {
		my $key = lc(shift);
		return $alias{$key} || $key;
	}
}


###########################################################################
# Net::SIP::HeaderVal;
# gives string representation and hash representation
# (split by ';' or ',') of header value
###########################################################################

package Net::SIP::HeaderVal;
use Net::SIP::Util qw(sip_hdrval2parts);
use fields qw( data parameter );

#    WWW-Authenticate: Digest method="md5",qop="auth",...
#    To: Bob Example <sip:bob@example.com>;tag=2626262;...
#
# data: the part before the first argument, e.g. "Digest" or
#    "Bob Example <sip:bob@example.com>"
# parameter: hash of parameters, e.g { method => md5, qop => auth }
#    or { tag => 2626262, ... }

###########################################################################
# create new object from string
# knows which headers have ',' as delimiter and the rest uses ';'
# Args: ($class,$pair)
#   $pair: Net::SIP::HeaderPair
# Returns: $self
###########################################################################
sub new {
	my $class = shift;
	my Net::SIP::HeaderPair $pair = shift;
	my $key = $pair->{key};
	my $v = $pair->{value};

	my $self = fields::new($class);
	($self->{data}, $self->{parameter}) = sip_hdrval2parts( $key,$v );

	return $self;
}




1;